2. What is an Object Relational Mapper (ORM)?

• Definition: ORM is a programming technique that bridges the gap between the object-oriented paradigm of a programming language and relational databases.
• Purpose:
  • Maps Java objects to database tables and vice versa.
  • Reduces boilerplate code for SQL queries.
• Advantages:
  • Simplifies database operations.
  • Enforces consistency between the object model and the database schema.
  • Enhances developer productivity.
• How It Works:
  • Annotates classes with metadata (e.g., @Entity, @Table).
  • Provides mechanisms for CRUD operations without writing SQL manually.

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